четверг, 15 марта 2012 г.

Solid-state technique for making conductive polymers

Researchers at the Univ. of California at Los Angeles have developed the first solid-state process for synthesizing poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), or PEDOT, reports Fred Wudl, professor of chemistry and materials. PEDOT is one of the most successful conducting polymers used in industry.

Current processes for making conducting polymers suffer from the fact that it is not possible to obtain well-defined, highly ordered polymer structures in the presence of the necessary catalysts or initiators, Wudl points out. For example, PEDOT is produced by chemical or electrochemical oxidation of monomer solutions, which results in defect sites and a relatively low degree of intermolecular …

Analysis: In `squeeze play,' Iraq uses US political rifts to bolster position on troop pullout

Confusion over the Iraqi prime minister's seeming endorsement of Barack Obama's troop withdrawal plan is part of Baghdad's strategy to play U.S. politics for the best deal possible over America's military mission.

The goal is not necessarily to push out the Americans quickly, but instead give Iraqis a major voice in how long U.S. troops stay and what they will do while still there.

It also is designed to refurbish the nationalist credentials of Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki, who owes his political survival to the steadfast support of U.S. President George W. Bush. Now, an increasingly confident Iraqi government seems to be undermining long-standing White …

Underwood honors sunken battleship

THE ASSOCIATED PRESS

MORGANTOWN - Gov. Cecil Underwood has proclaimed Dec. 7, 1999,USS West Virginia Day, honoring the battleship that was sunk byJapanese bombs at Pearl Harbor.

Underwood announced the proclamation at halftime during the Navy-West Virginia football game at West Virginia University Saturday.

"I think that's a day we can never forget," Underwood said. "Weare proud of the progress made …

среда, 14 марта 2012 г.

49ers, A's Heading for Silicon Valley

SANTA CLARA, Calif. - The San Francisco 49ers and the Oakland Athletics have started a new gold rush, south to the open spaces and financial bounties of Silicon Valley.

The 49ers and A's each hope to build new stadiums in the southern reaches of the San Francisco Bay Area. Though the A's yet-to-be-announced plan appears closer to fruition than the 49ers' move announced Thursday, both clubs seem determined to leave behind two of their sports' worst stadiums for sparkling new ballparks in accommodating new hometowns.

The 49ers have abandoned their decade-long attempts to build a new stadium and a massive commercial-residential development on Candlestick Point, their San …

Third man arrested in UK Olympic surveillance case

LONDON (AP) — A third person has been arrested by police investigating allegations that people acting for Premier League football club Tottenham spied on officials during the club's failed bid to take over London's Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Games.

Tottenham has been accused of ordering surveillance on the London Olympic executives who eventually chose the bid of rival London club West Ham to take over the stadium.

Since August, London police have been investigating allegations of wrongdoing in the bidding process that were made by West Ham and the Olympic Park Legacy Company, whose board members decide the future of venues on the site of the 2012 Games.

Two people …

UN judges deliver genocide verdict on Srebrenica

U.N. judges are delivering their verdict against seven Bosnian Serb military and police officers for genocide and other war crimes in the U.N.-declared safe zone of Srebrenica in 1995.

It is the largest trial the Yugoslav war crimes trial has ever conducted and involved nearly 450 witnesses and three years of hearings that ended last year.

Five of …

Couple exchanges vows before heading overseas: Pair got married at Nitro Wedding Chapel

Rosie Sulzer kisses her father's cheek as he …

Obituaries in the News

Victor Rabinowitz

NEW YORK (AP) _ Victor Rabinowitz, a lawyer who represented leftist causes and clients such as Alger Hiss, the Black Panthers, Fidel Castro and Weather Underground member Kathy Boudin, has died. He was 96.

Rabinowitz died Friday at his Manhattan home, his longtime law partner, Michael Krinsky, said Tuesday.

In a 1996 memoir, "Unrepentant Leftist," Rabinowitz said that he had been a member of the American Communist Party from 1942 until the early 1960s because it seemed the best way to fight for social justice.

Rabinowitz was the last attorney for Hiss, the American diplomat accused of spying for the Soviet …

Not totally Straight

It was a feel-good piece of the sort that often comes at the end of ABC's "World News with Charles Gibson" each evening.

The piece, by ABC's Barbara Pinto on Monday night, focused on Straight No Chaser, an obscure a capella singing group of 10 buddies who met in college years ago.

Obscure, that is, 'til they scored a hit on the ultimate platform for overnight fame: YouTube. YouTube led to an

Atlantic Records deal, complete with talk of touring, contract and there's already a holiday album out on the label.

As the story unfolded in Pinto's piece, we were at one point treated to a sound bite from a member, none other than Dan Ponce, who has been a reporter at …

Health in hard times

Economic struggles affect more than the girth of our pocketbooks. Indeed, the loss of a job, stress from taking on more work or worrying about finances - or even the inability to afford health-affirming things like gym memberships or organic foods - can result in financial problems turning into health problems.

Take, for example, the millions of workers without jobs. The International Herald Tribune reported this week that unemployment in the U. S . is up to 8. 1 percent - a 25-year high. Just last month, an additional 650,000 jobs were lost.

That means not only jobs were lost, but health care options for many and the money to afford necessary medicine and procedures that …

Rangers beat Mariners 10-1

Major league RBIs leader Josh Hamilton, Michael Young and David Murphy drove in three runs each to support stingy starter Sidney Ponson in the Texas Rangers' 10-1 victory over the sinking Seattle Mariners on Tuesday night.

Seattle lost for the sixth time in seven games before the smallest crowd in Safeco Field history to move back into a last-place tie in the AL West. Mariners hitters continued their mostly punchless season with just seven harmless hits in seven innings off Ponson (2-0), who worked quickly and at times effortlessly. He struck out two and walked one.

The Rangers scored 10 runs in three innings on just six hits and seven walks. Seattle starter …

Australian rugby league results

SYDNEY (AP) — Results of weekend 19th-round matches in Australia's National Rugby League:

Brisbane 30, Gold Coast 10

New Zealand Warriors 36, Bulldogs 12

Souths 21, Sydney …

Angels 6, Rangers 2

Los Angeles @ Texas @
ab r h bi @ ab r h bi
EAyar ss 4 1 3 1 Andrus ss 4 0 0 0
MIzturs 2b 5 0 1 1 MYong 3b 4 1 1 1
BAreu rf 3 1 1 1 Kinsler 2b 2 0 0 0
TrHntr cf 4 1 2 0 Guerrr dh 4 0 0 0
HMatsu dh 5 0 1 0 Hamltn lf 4 0 1 0
Callasp 3b 4 0 1 2 N.Cruz rf 4 1 1 1
Napoli 1b 5 0 0 0 BMolin c 4 0 1 0
JMaths c 4 1 2 1 C.Davis 1b 3 0 1 0
Willits lf 4 2 2 0 Borbon cf 3 0 1 0
Totals @ 38 6 13 6 Totals @ 32 2 6 2
Los Angeles 000 021 300_6
Texas 000 001 100_2
E_N.Cruz (3), Kinsler (5). DP_Los Angeles 1. LOB_Los Angeles 10, Texas 5. 2B_B.Abreu (23), Hamilton (32), C.Davis (7). 3B_E.Aybar (3). HR_J.Mathis (3), M.Young (15), N.Cruz (13). SB_Kinsler (10). CS_Willits (3). SF_Callaspo.
IP H R ER BB SO
Los Angeles
E.Santana W,9-7 8 5 2 2 2 8
Rodney 1 1 0 0 0 3
Texas
Feldman L,5-9 5 1-3 7 3 3 1 0
Ogando 2-3 1 0 0 0 1
D.Oliver 2-3 4 3 3 1 0
O'Day 1-3 0 0 0 0 0
Harrison 1 1 0 0 1 0
D.Mathis 1 0 0 0 1 0
Umpires_Home, Sam HolbrookFirst, Greg GibsonSecond, Brian KnightThird, Gerry Davis.
T_3:08. A_47,098 (49,170).

вторник, 13 марта 2012 г.

Few find work at Illinois candidate's job fair

CHERRY VALLEY, Ill. (AP) — Martina Love had two words to describe the job fair hosted Tuesday by Scott Lee Cohen, the independent candidate for Illinois governor: false advertisement.

Out of work for a year, the 23-year-old said she's looking for a "real job" at a factory or somewhere else, not selling jewelry or enlisting in the military like recruiters at Cohen's Rockford-area job fair were offering.

"If he's supposed to be a governor, I would think that he would have had more things in here knowing how the economy is," said Love, who used to work at phone customer service company.

The job fairs are a cornerstone of Cohen's campaign for governor, but the job seekers who lined up Tuesday to talk to more than a dozen companies weren't necessarily interested in helping him gain employment as Illinois's chief executive.

"The way I pick my candidates is I look into what they stand for, you know, and I'm not independent, I'm not Republican, I'm not Democrat. It depends on who it is ... and I have not decided yet," said Sherry Baxter, 50, of Machesney Park, who has taken classes and strung together part-time work since being laid off in 2005 from a kitchen and door hardware company.

Still, Baxter said the job fair tells her something about Cohen, who owns a Chicago pawn shop.

"It shows me that he cares," she said after handing out resumes in her hunt for an office clerical job.

Cohen's event at the Tebala Shrine Center was called a job fair, but it had all the makings of a campaign event. The line to get in was sometimes slowed because people were completing sign-in sheets that collected their contact information and asked whether they were interested in volunteering for Cohen's campaign. His campaign signs were everywhere — inside and out — and Cohen spent time milling about, talking to people and doing media interviews.

Cohen's campaign said more than 500 people came to the four-hour job fair, the fifth one Cohen has had since he began running for lieutenant governor. Cohen won the February primary but dropped out of the race after he was accused of holding a knife to his then-girlfriend's throat, threatening his ex-wife, using steroids and failing to pay child support.

Cohen admitted the steroid use but said he hasn't taken them in years. He denied ever threatening or harming anyone.

He launched a long-shot bid for governor as an independent candidate in May. Along with Democratic Gov. Pat Quinn and Republican state Sen. Bill Brady, his competition includes the Green Party's Rich Whitney and Libertarian Lex Green.

Cohen plans three more job fairs — one in Aurora and two in Chicago — before the Nov. 2 election.

He said any disappointment in the kind of employers who came to recruit is a reflection of the state's tough economy, especially in the Rockford area, which had a 14.5 percent unemployment rate in August. That's higher than the state's unemployment rate of 10.1 percent.

"Rockford is lacking in opportunity, and I believe that as governor I am the person who is going to bring opportunity back to Rockford by bringing the businesses here," Cohen said.

His campaign couldn't say how many people have gotten jobs because of the fairs, which Cohen brags about in campaign ads. But it said it asked hundreds of companies in the Rockford area whether they were hiring and wanted to attend.

David Coupe, chief executive officer of Blue Heron Partners, a real estate investment, development, consulting and education company, was there looking for people to work in sales, marketing and business development.

Coupe said his company also took part in a job fair Cohen held in Chicago. He thought the company might have hired two people from that fair but he couldn't immediately confirm that.

His goal at the job fairs was to talk to lots of candidates even though the majority of people weren't qualified, he said. He said there was no inducement from Cohen's campaign to be there except for a free lunch.

Shari Stoffel, an independent distributor for Premier Designs, was looking for people to do home-based jewelry shows. It was her first Cohen job fair. She wasn't sure whether anyone she talked to would come onboard.

"I don't know if it'll happen today, but I've already talked to a couple ladies that I will be talking to more about the opportunity," she said.

Amanda Musfelt had better luck, scoring an onsite interview with Kay Jewelers.

"They might have something for me," she said. The 33-year-old stay-at-home mom already sells cosmetics in her spare time and has been looking for full-time work for a year.

She didn't know much about Cohen but decided to come to the job fair after seeing a commercial for it.

"I need a full-time, real paycheck," she said.

Man, 28, killed in hit-run

Police last night were looking for the driver of a yellowChevrolet Nova involved in a hit-and-run accident in which a28-year-old Humboldt Park motorcyclist was killed.

Juan Palacio, of 1854 N. Kedzie, was killed when his motorcyclewas hit by the car at the intersection of Chicago and Lamon at about1:30 p.m. yesterday, police said. He was pronounced dead at St.Anne's Hospital.

Police said the driver of the car, which was turning west ontoChicago from Lamon, apparently did not see Palacio, who was travelingeast on Chicago.

Lamon runs one-way in both directions from Chicago and the thedriver was going the wrong way on Lamon, police said.

Witnesses said the driver stopped and got out of his car butfled when he saw the badly damaged motorcycle, police said.

The car did not have license plates and looked as if it had beenpainted with primer, police said.

The driver was described as a black male, about 6 feet tall andabout 18 years old, with burn marks on the right side of his face,police said.

Lake Superior wins title

LAKE SUPERIOR ST. 5 WISCONSIN 3

ALBANY, N.Y. Brian Rolston scored with 4:52 left Saturday tobreak a 3-3 tie, then Jay Ness added an empty-net goal as LakeSuperior State defeated Wisconsin 5-3 and won its second NCAADivision I hockey title in five years.

The Soo Lakers (30-9-4) fell behind 2-0 in the first periodagainst the Badgers (27-14-2) before staging a three-goal rally andtaking their first lead early in the third period.

The comeback came against a Wisconsin team that had killed allseven Michigan power plays in eliminating the Wolverines 4-2 in thesemifinals. But the Badgers gave Lake Superior State 11 power plays,and that was the difference - despite a spectacular, three-goalperformance by Wisconsin's Jason Zent.

Rolston put the Lakers ahead to stay when he skated from behindthe Badgers' net and flicked a shot past the short side of stargoalie Duane Derksen.

Wisconsin, which was after its sixth national title, pulledDerksen in the final minute. But Ness ensured the Lakers of theirsecond national championship when he scored into the empty net withtwo seconds left to set off a wild celebration on the ice.

Trailing 2-0 after the first 20 minutes, Lake Superior dominatedthe second period by outshooting the Badgers 18-5 and tying the game.

Only a shot by Wayne Strachan that hit the crossbar with 6:01left in the period kept the Lakers from taking the lead.

Defenseman Michael Smith gave Lake Superior its first lead ofthe game 4:16 into the third period by blasting a hard shot pastDerksen from the left circle on a power play.

But the Badgers tied the score at 8:24 on a power-play goal byZent, who converted a 2-on-1 break with Dan Plante.

Hastert a lifesaver on patients' bill

The patient's bill of rights passed by the House is significantfor many reasons--among them its latest confirmation of theimpressive leadership savvy of House Speaker Dennis Hastert. At thetime of his ascension to the post, he was dismissed by some of theinside-the-Beltway crowd. But he got President Bush's tax, energy andfaith-based measures through the House. Only days ago, health carereform was in serious trouble. The House appeared on the verge ofpassing a bill unacceptable to Bush and one, like a similar Senatemeasure, that would expose HMOs to such unlimited liability as tothreaten insurance coverage for millions of Americans. Hastert andBush worked to win over a key House member, and Hastert laboredbehind the scenes to help promote the much improved bill to otherHouse members.

For more than a decade, Hastert has worked on health care, makinga top priority the protection of current coverage of Americans andthe expansion of insurance to the millions without it. This bill doesboth. It provides for lawsuits against HMOs that ignore the advice ofmedical review boards. The notion that someone with a gripe againstan HMO but unwilling to abide by a medical review panel should havethe right to go straight to a lawsuit doesn't make sense. Reasonably,the bill imposes no limits on economic damages. But its caps onpunitive damages for the few who do go to court can help hold downpremium costs for the many who don't. That's important, sinceemployers are seeing HMO premium rates soar as much as 20 percent to50 percent. The bill's provisions allowing for medical savingsaccounts for families and for small businesses to organize forinsurance purposes promise to bring coverage to many more Americans.

"Hastert wrestles Bush agenda back to life," trumpets a headlinein the Wall Street Journal. That this low-key, unassuming coalitionbuilder is proving to be a most effective legislative leader comes asno surprise to those in Illinois who have long known and worked withhim.

Welcome Home: Lannan leads Nationals past Yankees

Local product John Lannan pitched into the ninth inning in his first career start at Yankee Stadium, leading the Washington Nationals to a much-needed 3-2 victory over New York on Wednesday night.

Lannan (4-5) allowed two runs and four hits in 8 1-3 innings, hurting one of his hometown teams for the second time in two weeks. The 6-foot-4 left-hander beat the New York Mets 7-1 with a four-hitter on June 6.

Johnny Damon hit a leadoff homer in the ninth and Mark Teixeira singled with one out, sending Lannan to the dugout and the Yankee Stadium crowd into a frenzy.

Mike MacDougal replaced Lannan, a Long Island native who grew up rooting for the Yankees, and pinch-runner Brett Gardner stole second and third on consecutive pitches before Alex Rodriguez walked. But MacDougal got Robinson Cano to ground into a game-ending double play, pumping his fist after second baseman Anderson Hernandez threw to first.

It was MacDougal's first save since July 16, 2006, for Kansas City at Detroit. Cano fouled off four 2-2 pitches before hitting a tailor-made double-play ball to shortstop.

Cano also homered and Chien-Ming Wang turned in a decent start for the Yankees, who played without Derek Jeter. The All-Star shortstop sat out with a sore left ankle after leaving New York's 5-3 victory over Washington on Tuesday night after seven innings.

Jeter went for an MRI before the game and checked out fine. He could be back in the lineup for Thursday's series finale.

Adam Dunn homered and Nick Johnson hit a two-run triple for the Nationals, who had lost 16 of 19. Washington improved to 7-24 on the road.

Wang (0-5) likely bought himself at least another turn in the rotation with his best start of the year. The right-hander allowed three runs and six hits in a season-high five innings one day after his wife, Chia-Ling Wu, gave birth to their first child, a 7-pound, 12-ounce boy named Justin Jesse.

Wang got a tough break in the fifth when Cristian Guzman reached on a grounder to third. Rodriguez's throw appeared to nip the speedy Guzman at first, but umpire Larry Vanover signaled safe. Yankees manager Joe Girardi came out to argue but quickly returned to the dugout.

Guzman's infield single put runners on first and third with one out and Johnson followed with a sinking liner to left-center. Center fielder Melky Cabrera tried to make a diving catch but the ball got past him and rolled to the wall.

Willie Harris and Guzman scored easily to give the Nationals a 3-0 lead, but Wang buckled down to strand Johnson at third. Ryan Zimmerman grounded out before Dunn was intentionally walked, and Elijah Dukes grounded into a fielder's choice to end the inning.

Dunn connected on a 3-0 pitch in the fourth. The slugger's 18th homer landed in the alley between the second deck and bleachers in right field.

Wang was 0-1 with an 11.05 ERA in his previous two starts and 0-4 with a 21.60 ERA in five starts this season. He spent about a month on the disabled list with weakness in the adductor muscles in his hips and made three relief appearances before returning to the rotation June 4 against Texas.

With Phil Hughes pitching well in the bullpen, Girardi stressed the importance of the outing for Wang before the game. Hughes replaced Wang in the sixth and threw two scoreless innings.

NOTES: New York had been 23-0 when allowing three runs or fewer, the only unbeaten team in the majors in that category, and had won 33 in a row dating to last year, according to the Elias Sports Bureau. ... Dunn's drive was the sixth homer in the majors this season on a 3-0 count, according to STATS LLC. Only three of Dunn's 296 home runs have come on 3-0 counts. ... Seen at the game: New York Giants quarterback Eli Manning and his brother Peyton of the Indianapolis Colts. Giants defensive end Justin Tuck also was on hand.

(Nationals 3, Yankees 2; SUBS 5th graf to correct that MacDougal's previous save came with Kansas City, sted Chicago)

The board of directors: rights, duties and responsibilities

The goal of this article is to provide guidance to bank holding companies and their boards in understanding and applying sound corporate governance practices. As a threshold matter, it is important to note that a bank's board of directors constitutes a group of persons chosen to serve the corporation by: 1) promoting constituent interests (often, but not exclusively, stockholder interests); 2) serving as the body governing the corporation's affairs; and 3) overseeing the management of the corporation.

In this role, the board provides both oversight and strategic direction to the corporation. In recent years the latter role, providing strategic direction, although essential to a business's long-term success, has often been neglected in favor of enhanced oversight functions in the current internal control-driven business climate.

The strategic direction function generally involves formulating corporate policy and strategic goals with management and taking actions with respect to specific matters. The oversight function concerns ongoing monitoring of the corporation's business and affairs. Such function includes attention to the following: corporate business performance; plans and strategies; risk assessment and management; compliance with legal obligations and corporate policies; and the quality of financial and other reports to the corporation's constituencies.

This includes attention to matters suggesting a need for inquiry or investigation. In pursuit of both the strategic direction and oversight functions, directors have, individually and collectively, various duties, responsibilities and rights.

What does it mean to be a director?

As a body, a board has considerable power. In contrast, an individual director, acting alone, has almost no power or authority. Nonetheless, the individual director is legally accountable for his or her own actions and for corporate actions in certain circumstances, and has legally protected rights and duties (and corresponding obligations) to participate in the board's decisions on an informed basis.

Effective performance of a board's oversight function often results from an individual director's recognition that a particular matter of concern warrants inquiry or action. It is important to recognize that judgment is exercised on an individual basis and that informed judgment depends upon individual preparation and participation, as well as group deliberation.

The role of the board is to direct the business and affairs of the corporation. The implementation of the board's directives is delegated to and carried out by the officers, employees and agents of the corporation. The board adopts appropriate policies and procedures (i.e., internal controls) to ensure effective oversight of these officers, employees and agents. The responsibility for all major corporate decisions ultimately rests with the board.

What are the rights, responsibilities and duties of a board?

Under most states' laws, directors have the fundamental responsibility of directing the management of their corporation's business and affairs. In exercising this responsibility, the directors owe certain fiduciary dudes to the corporation and its stockholders (and, in certain circumstances, other parties). The duties of care, loyalty and good faith are common terms for the standards that guide all actions a director takes.

The duty of care requires that directors act in good faith, with the level of care that an ordinarily prudent person would exercise in similar circumstances, and in a manner that they reasonably believe is in the best interests of the corporation. Stated another way, the duty of care requires directors to acquire sufficient knowledge of the material facts related to the proposed transaction, thoroughly examine all information available to them with a critical eye and actively participate in the decision-making process.

In fulfilling this duty, unless there is reason to believe that the information provided is untrustworthy, a director may rely on the records of the corporation and such other information, opinions, reports or statements prepared or presented by: corporate officers or employees; outside experts retained by the corporation (e.g., legal counsel, public accountants); and information provided by a committee of die board.

In most instances, the standard for determining whether a director has breached the duty of care is one of gross negligence, which means reckless indifference to, or a deliberate disregard of, the stockholders, or that the actions are "without the grounds of reason."

The duty of loyalty requires mat directors exercise their powers in the interest of the corporation and its stockholders radier dian in the director's own self-interest or in the interest of any other person. Directors taking action on a particular matter must be independent, meaning they can consider the transaction on its merits free from any extraneous influences. The duty of loyalty primarily relates to corporate opportunity, confidentiality and conflicts of interest.

A clear expression of the duty of good faith as a separate and distinct duty emerged on June 8, 2006, with the Delaware Supreme Court decision in the case of In re The Walt Disney Company Derivative Litigation. This duty was formerly viewed as a subset of the duty of care, although commentators had long speculated on its impending emergence as a distinct fiduciary duty.

A breach of the duty of good faith generally (but not exclusively) involves an intentional dereliction of duty or a conscious disregard for one's responsibilities as a director. A violation of the duty of good faith is properly treated as both nonexculpable and non-indemnifiable by the corporation. In spite of good faith's ascension, whether that duty is one that, like the duties of care and loyalty, may serve as an independent basis for imposing liability upon officers and directors, has yet to be determined by the courts.

What standards apply in evaluating a board's discharge of its duties?

Under the business judgment rule, a court will presume that directors have made decisions on an informed basis, in good faith and in the honest belief that the action was taken in the best interests of the corporation. This presumption offers directors strong protection because the court essentially declines to second-guess their decisions.

However, the protections of this rule are only available in those cases where the directors have satisfied their duties of care, loyalty, and good faith. The protections of this rule will not be available in cases where 1) a majority of the directors stand on both sides of the transaction (even when the transaction is approved by a majority of the disinterested directors); or 2) a controlling stockholder of the corporation is on both sides of the transaction (even though the transaction is approved by a majority of the disinterested directors and/or stockholders).

These cases are generally subject to the "entire fairness" standard. The business judgment rule will also not be available in "sale of control" transactions or transactions that include deal protection devices. Such transactions are generally subject to the "enhanced scrutiny" standard.

What are the board's risk mitigation tools?

Liability of directors for their actions on behalf of the corporation may be limited by statute, by the corporation's organizational documents, or by contract. A director should carefully review the indemnification rights afforded by the corporation, including understanding under which circumstances a director must, may, or may not be indemnified.

A director should also consider the financial wherewithal of the corporation to make good on indemnification obligations if they become due, and the director's priority in relation to other potential claimants against the financial resources of the corporation under likely indemnification scenarios.

Although indemnification generally provides strong protection for directors, it is strongly recommended that corporations also purchase and maintain director and officer insurance. Under most state corporate laws, a corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of a person who is or was a director of the corporation. As with indemnity provisions, the director should carefully review the policy inclusions and exclusions, claim limits, who may make claims against such limits and in what priority and to what effect claims by other potentially covered parties could affect availability of coverage for the director.

An often overlooked director risk mitigation technique is for a director to affirmatively vote against bad board decisions (abstaining from the vote is not enough) and ensure that the director's negative vote is recorded in the board minutes. In the event that a board-approved action is ever challenged, a director who dissented (voted against) such action will generally not be subject to liability if such board action is later found to have been improper.

As discussed above, directors must always put the interests of the corporation before their direct and indirect personal and professional interests. Because of the makeup of many bank boards (comprised of significant stockholders, business owners, providers of professional services, etc.) potential conflicts of interest are almost certain to arise from time to time. There is nothing inherently wrong with a potential conflict of interest, but the board must be sure to follow the framework provided by applicable laws when faced with a potential conflict of interest. For that reason, the board should establish and adhere to a written conflicts of interest policy.

Many bank holding companies have developed active and comprehensive compliance programs tailored to their particular circumstances, through which such corporations implement and monitor internal control programs and processes.

Several of the most common internal control features include: establishing standing audit, nomination and compensation committees containing independent directors (and a "financial expert" for the audit committee); adoption of a written audit and financial practices policy; adoption of a conflicts of interest policy; adoption of a records retention and destruction policy; adoption of codes of conduct and ethics; adoption of a whistleblower protection policy; and instituting procedures to insure that codes of conduct and policies are diligently employed.

In a bank holding company, the directors' principal constituents are the stockholders. The directors understand that their primary function is to advance the stockholders' wealth, and it is the stockholders, in most instances, who may call the directors to account.

However, as circumstances change, the constituencies of the bank holding company may also include such groups as employees, account holders, contracting parties, the communities served by the bank, and others. Directors should be mindful of how their decisions could impact constituencies other than just stockholders, and should monitor the business press to keep abreast of emerging trends in the type of claims being filed against directors and boards.

Conclusion

So what messages should a director take away from this article? Adhere to your fiduciary duties. Take solace in the protection the business judgment rule affords the actions of the board. But consider and utilize the additional risk mitigation techniques described above. And most importantly, act in good faith by not consciously and intentionally disregarding your duties.

[Author Affiliation]

William Quick is a shareholder in the Kansas City office ofhlsmelli Shalton Wette Suelthaus P.C. He can be reached at 816-360-4335 or wquick@pswslmv.com.

Community schools should be priority

Recently, Chicago Mayor Richard M. Daley and Chicago Public Schools CEO Arne Duncan jointly announced an expansion of "community schools" and other coordinated after-school activities as a way of creating safe havens for Chicago's children. (See story on page 22.) Though community schools do provide safe environments for students beyond the regular school day, they provide so much more for students and their families, enabling kids to succeed at school and beyond, and strengthening communities.

Community schools happen when a school decides to reach out beyond its school walls and engage the local community in assessing student and family needs, then working together to meet these needs and achieve common goals. One common program strategy of community schools is an extended day, before and after school, one that is enriched with robust academic, arts, athletic, health and other engaging activities. This is not day care at the school. Rather, it is structured, supportive, engaging and enriching time that develops the whole child-academic, mental, physical and social.

Chicago's community schools have had impressive results in their first few years. They have closed the achievement gap among students, raised standardized test scores, improved overall student behavior and increased student participation in the classroom. Grades have increased and children are healthier. Parents also have received invaluable training and resources at their children's schools, through adult-centered programming.

When we combine the strengths of a community, its residents, its families and schools, great things happen! Safe havens are created, and while they are there, children are enriched so they can succeed at school and life. The time is now for the community school initiative to become not only a Chicago priority, but a statewide one as well. All Illinois children deserve this chance.

Suzanne Armato, executive director

Federation for Community Schools

Rivera leads Binghamton over Stony Brook

D.J. Rivera had 16 points to lead five players in double figures, and Binghamton held off Stony Brook 67-60 on Monday night.

It was the fifth straight win for Binghamton (9-4, 2-0 America East) and snapped a three-game winning streak by the Seawolves (8-6, 1-1).

After Dallis Joyner's layup brought Stony Brook within 56-55 with 2:17 to play, Dwayne Jackson converted a rebound off a missed 3-pointer by Rivera and Jackson's steal set up a fast-break layup by Chretien Lukusa to give the Bearcats a 60-55 lead with 1:27 left.

Blocks by Malik Alvin and Reggie Fuller stymied the Seawolves on their next two possessions, and Rivera's fast-break layup boosted the lead to 62-55 with 1:02 to go.

In the final minute, Jackson and Chris Martin each sank a pair of free throws and Rivera contributed another block for the Bearcats.

Tiki Mayben, Jackson and Lukusa each scored 11 points and Fuller had 10 for Binghamton.

Tommy Brenton led the Seawolves with 14 points, Muhammad El-Amin had 12 and Demetrius Young 10.

понедельник, 12 марта 2012 г.

Simple tips can make home look festive

Decorating your home for the holidays shouldn't be a drag. Itshould be a pleasure, a simple pleasure.

November and December home decorating magazines are filled withfun, inexpensive ideas:

Purchase "baby" evergreens and place them outside your home infancy pots. Plant them next spring.Fashion an eye-catching door display with canvas. Cut out a large,simple shape of a snowflake, snowman or star, then paint it and sealit and attach to your door.Buy wire topiary shapes and string them with twinkle lights. Placethem in your front yard for uniquely shaped outdoor Christmas decor.Use tomato wire cages to make outdoor displays. Fill them withtwigs, branches and twinkle lights, then place them along your walk.Give extra sparkle to your chandeliers and light fixtures bysuspending ornaments from them with ribbon.Use votive candles placed in egg cups or aperitif glasses at eachtable place setting.If you have a silk Christmas tree, but want more realism, tuck incedar branches (no needles) for scent and texture.

Budweiser banking on World Cup to boost sales

The maker of Budweiser beer is banking on this summer's World Cup soccer tournament to give some fizz to an otherwise stagnant global beer market.

Carlos Brito, the chief executive of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA _ the world's largest brewer and maker of Stella Artois, Bud Light and Budweiser_ says the four-week-long soccer championship in June would be like "a second summer" in big beer-drinking markets in the southern hemisphere like Brazil and Argentina.

"It's a great beer event, all about celebrating and watching football," Brito said Tuesday.

Brito declined to put a number on the financial impact of the once-every-four-years tournament taking place this summer in South Africa. Nor would he say which team ABInBev was favoring to win.

"Well I'm from Brazil and Peter's from Germany," Brito said, smiling across a table at company chairman Peter Graf. "So it's hard to take sides."

Budweiser is the official beer sponsor of this year's World Cup, scheduled to take place in South Africa from June 11 to July 11.

Brito also reconfirmed the company's outlook for the year, with global beer sales stagnant and no rebound forecast in 2010.

Anheuser-Busch InBev SA sold 0.7 percent less beer and soft drinks in 2009 during the economic downturn and says that global beer demand is neither growing nor shrinking.

ABInBev is scheduled to report its first quarter earnings on May 5, and Brito said that he couldn't provide any update on trading activity during the period until then.

InBev has spent the last year struggling with the aftermath of a $52 billion takeover in July 2008, just weeks before the financial crisis sent debt costs soaring.

The company said last month that global demand for beer "remains relatively resilient." It warned that first quarter volume sales may suffer from the cold weather in the U.S. and alcohol tax hikes in Russia.

The brewer depends on emerging economies for about half of its revenue and most of its volume sales. It is the market leader in the U.S. and in Brazil.

Besides Budweiser and Stella Artois, the brewer also makes beers such as Jupiler, the number-one beer in Belgium, as well as Skol and Antarctica, two popular Brazilian beers.

Mardle sees off challenge of maximum man carver in style

World No.9 Wayne Mardle fought back from a set down to see off America's Ray Carver in the first round of the Ladbrokes.com PDCWorld Darts Championship at Alexandra Palace.

Carver threw seven maximums in the match, including one in thedeciding leg of the opening set, which he won 3-2.

Essex-based Mardle raced into the lead before Carver, the WorldNo51, levelled at 2-2.

But the Englishman, three times a semi-finalist in thetournament, sealed the final set with a double six to claim a hard-fought 3-2 victory.

Mardle said: "I've been playing great on the circuit this yearbut been atrocious in the TV events.

"I want to change that and believe I can win this."

Colin Lloyd lost an epic encounter 3-2 to Jan van der Rassel.

Lloyd, the World No12, battled into a 2-1 lead and his Dutchopponent, ranked 63, appeared in trouble when the Englishman threwto claim the match - but he missed what would have been a match-winning bullseye.

Van der Rassel took advantage of that let-off to force a decider and, after the first three legs went with the throw, he missed adouble eight that would have clinched victory.

Lloyd levelled at 2-2 in the fifth set before Van der Rassel, whohad won on his own throw to edge ahead, missed three doubles in arow to allow the favourite to get back on terms once more.

But it proved a temporary reprieve as the Dutchman vanquished hisout-of-sorts opponent, winning the deciding set 6-4.

World No.30 Mark Walsh won by the same margin against fellowEnglishman Adrian Gray.

Walsh raced into a 2-0 lead before Gray edged the third and foundtop form to level the match.

But Walsh completed checkouts of 97 and 110 in the final set ashe clinched a thrilling victory.

Tonight's matches:

First round: Phil Taylor (1) v Michael van Gerwen, R Scholten (8)v Matt Clark, Mervyn King (25) v Michael Rosenauer, Peter Manley (5)v Toon Greebe.

Teen Ishikawa hoping to make cut at British Open

Japanese teenager Ryo Ishikawa has acknowledged that being a title contender in the upcoming British Open, or any other major, is beyond him at this early stage of his career.

"I may have to face my worst score ever. I may easily go double-digit over par," the 17-year-old Ishikawa said at a press conference Wednesday before departing for the July 16-19 British Open at Turnberry.

Ishikawa missed the cut this year at the Masters, where he was given a special invitation. He also has received an invitation to the PGA Championship in August at Hazeltine National Golf Club in Minnesota.

"Majors are still out of my league, but I feel a little more relaxed than last time," Ishikawa said. "I'd like to be on the course as long as possible, so I hope to make the cut and play all four days of the tournament."

Ishikawa qualified for the British Open by winning the Japan tour's Mizuno Open last month for the third victory of his career.

He became the youngest winner of a sanctioned tour when he won the Munsingwear Open KSB Cup two years ago at age 15.

EU probe finds US gambling rules violate WTO rules

U.S. attempts to ban European betting companies from operating in the United States violated world trade rules, according to a yearlong EU investigation published Thursday.

U.S. companies were allowed to freely operate online gambling on horse racing while EU companies could not and individuals even faced legal action, the European Commission said.

The probe was launched last year after European betting companies complained that U.S. laws on Internet gambling forced them out of the lucrative American market. Online gambling is worth more than $15.5 billion a year worldwide.

The European Commission found that U.S. laws on online gambling "constitute a barrier to market access which has had adverse effects on EU economic interests."

The EU Trade Commissioner Catherine Ashton said Washington had "find a swift, negotiated solution" with the 27-nation EU and others. It did not recommend filing a complaint to the WTO.

The WTO in 2006 ruled against a U.S. ban that stopped American banks and credit card companies from processing payments to online gambling businesses outside the country.

Washington responded by doing a deal with the EU, Japan, Canada and others in 2007 to allow it to effectively opt out of WTO rules on gambling in return for offering them compensation in other areas.

The EU probe says attempts to sanction European companies before the ban is "legally not justified and discriminatory."

The WTO has already awarded Antigua and Barbuda the right to impose $21 million a year in sanctions on the United States in retaliation for restrictions on online betting, but the sum was a fraction of the $3.4 billion sought by the Caribbean nation.

Egyptians blame military for deadly soccer riot

CAIRO (AP) — A narrow stadium exit turned into a death trap. Crowds of Egyptian soccer fans fleeing supporters of the opposing team armed with knives, clubs and stones rushed into the corridor, only to be crushed against a locked gate, their rivals attacking from behind, survivors and witnesses said.

The result was the world's worst soccer violence in 15 years, with 74 people crushed, suffocated or stabbed to death.

Many Egyptians, from the public to lawmakers, on Thursday blamed the police and the country's ruling military for failing to prevent the rioting the night before in the Mediterranean coastal city of Port Said.

Prime Minister Kamal el-Ganzouri, in an emergency parliamentary session, announced he has dissolved the Egyptian Soccer Federation's board and referred its members for questioning by prosecutors about the violence. He also said the governor of Port Said province and the area's police chief have resigned.

Several lawmakers said the lapse was intentional, aimed at stoking the country's insecurity since the Feb. 11 fall of former leader Hosni Mubarak.

Some accused the police of allowing the riot to happen out of vengeance against the ultras — die-hard soccer fans who are bitter enemies of the police and have been among the most aggressive protesters over the past year.

The ultras, backers of Al-Ahly club, were at the forefront of violent protests a year ago that led to the collapse of the police force, and in more recent months, they have clashed with soldiers during rallies demanding an end to military rule.

In an emergency session, Parliament Speaker Saad el-Katatni, of the Muslim Brotherhood, accused security authorities of hesitating to act, putting "the revolution in danger."

"This is a complete crime," said Abbas Mekhimar, head of parliament's defense committee. "This is part of the scenario of fueling chaos against Egypt."

Protests and a march on the Interior Ministry were planned Thursday against the police force over the violence. In the morning, dozens of angry protesters sealed off Tahrir Square, the epicenter of the 18-day uprising that toppled Mubarak, while others blocked the street in front of the nearby state TV building in preparation for the rallies.

The riot at the stadium in Port Said erupted when fans of the local team, Al-Masry, stormed the field following a rare 3-1 win against Al-Ahly, one of Egypt's most popular clubs.

Al-Masry supporters, armed with knives, sticks and stones, chased Al-Ahly players and fans, who ran toward the exits and up the stands to escape, according to witnesses.

Lines of riot police in the stadium largely did nothing to intervene, witnesses said. At one point, the stadium lights went out, plunging it into darkness. At the time, the TV sportscaster announcing the match said authorities shut them off to "calm the situation."

"We were surprised the police let them in that easy. The numbers were huge," said Ahmed Ghaffar, one of the visiting Al-Ahly fans at the stadium.

As many Al-Ahly fans crowded into the corridor leading out of the stadium, they were trapped, with the doors at the other end locked.

"Layers of people" were "stuck over each other because there was no other exit," Ghaffar tweeted on Thursday. "We were between two choices, either death coming from behind us, or the closed doors."

He said Al-Masry fans beat Al-Ahly fans who fell on the floor.

Mahmoud Ibrahim, 22, a survivor who on Thursday was at a Cairo morgue where two of his dead friends were taken, said that after the lights went out, people were left "to kill each other."

He ran into the corridor. "We went down trying to get out and everyone was pushing. Under me was more than three people and I am being pushed. Everyone is pushing trying to breathe," he said.

Al-Masry fan, Mohammed Mosleh, who posted his account on Facebook, said he saw "thugs with weapons" on his side in the stadium where police presence was meager.

"This was unbelievable," he said. "We were supposed to be celebrating, not killing people. We defeated Al-Ahly, something I saw twice only in my lifetime. All the people were happy. Nobody expected this."

Health ministry official Hisham Sheha said the deaths were caused by stabs by sharp tools, brain hemorrhage and concussions. "All those carried to hospitals were already dead bodies," Sheha told stat TV.

TV footage showed Al-Ahly players rushing for their locker room as fistfights broke out among the hundreds of fans swarming on to the field. Some men had to rescue a manager from the losing team as he was being beaten. Riot police stood by, appearing overwhelmed.

The Interior Ministry said 74 people died, including one police officer, and 248 were injured, 14 of them police. A local health official initially said 1,000 people were injured and it was not clear how severely. Security forces arrested 47 people for involvement in the violence, the statement said.

Essam el-Erian, a Brotherhood lawmaker, said the military and police were complicit in the violence, accusing them of trying to show that emergency regulations giving security forces wide-ranging powers must be maintained.

"This tragedy is a result of intentional reluctance by the military and the police," he said.

A number of political parties called on the Egyptian parliament to pass no-confidence vote against the government of el-Ganzouri, a Mubarak-era politician appointed by the much-criticized ruling military council.

Osama Yassin, head of sports committee in parliament, said the parliament holds the interior minister, who is in charge of police, responsible for the violence. He demanded ouster of the prosecutor general Prosecutor-General Mahmoud Abdel-Meguid to guarantee "transparent investigations."

The Ultras, meanwhile, accused the military council and former members of Mubarak's regime of retaliating against them for their role in the uprising last year against Mubarak and in anti-military protests since.

"They want to punish us and execute us for our participation in the revolution against suppression," the Ultras of Al-Ahly group said in a statement. It vowed a "new war in defense of our revolution."

The ultras have long been bitter enemies of the police. Their anti-police songs, peppered with curses, have quickly become viral and an expression of the hatred many Egyptians feel toward security forces that were accused of much of the abuse that was widespread under Mubarak's regime.

The stadium riot came on the one-year anniversary of one of the most violent days of the 18-day anti-Mubarak uprising. On Feb. 2 last year, in what became known as the "Battle of the Camel," Mubarak loyalists on camels and horses attacked protesters at Tahrir Square, leading to nearly two days of battles with rocks, firebombs and slabs of concrete.

___

Associated Press writer Aya Batrawy contributed to this report.

среда, 7 марта 2012 г.

GOP Rep. Mark Foley Resigns Over E-Mails

WASHINGTON - In a scandal guaranteed to anger parents, a prominent House Republican has resigned after the revelation that he exchanged raunchy electronic messages with a teenage boy, a former congressional page.

Rep. Mark Foley, R-Fla., who is single, apologized Friday for letting down his family and constituents. Once his resignation letter was read to the House late Friday afternoon, Republicans spent the night trying to explain - six weeks before congressional elections - how this could have happened on their watch.

Near midnight, they engineered a vote to let the House ethics committee decide whether an investigation is needed.

Among the Republican explanations during the night:

-The congressional sponsor of the page, Rep. Rodney Alexander, R-La., said he was asked by the youth's parents not to pursue the matter, so he dropped it.

-Alexander said that before deciding to end his involvement, he passed on what he knew to the chairman of the House Republican campaign organization, Rep. Thomas Reynolds, R-N.Y. Reynolds' spokesman, Carl Forti, said "We are not characterizing conversations that Congressman Reynolds may have had or may not have had with other members of Congress on that subject."

-Rep. John Shimkus, R-Ill., chairman of the Page Board that oversees the congressional work-study program for high schoolers, said he did investigate but Foley falsely assured him he was only mentoring the boy. Pages are high school students who attend classes under congressional supervision and work as messengers.

-The spokesman for Speaker Dennis Hastert, Ron Bonjean, said the top House Republican had not known about the allegations. Shimkus said he learned about them in late 2005.

Just as Shimkus' explanation was released, House Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi of California proposed to the House that its ethics committee investigate and make a preliminary report in 10 days. She demanded to know who knew of the messages, whether Foley had other contacts with pages and when the Republican leadership was notified of Foley's conduct.

Instead, majority Republicans engineered a vote to allow the ethics panel to decide whether there should even be an investigation.

Foley's departure sent Republicans scrambling for a replacement candidate.

Foley, 52, had been a shoo-in for a new term until the e-mail correspondence surfaced in recent days. The page was 16 at the time of the correspondence.

Foley's resignation further complicates the political landscape for Republicans, who are fighting to retain control of Congress. Democrats need to win a net of 15 Republican seats to regain the power they lost in 1994.

Florida Republicans planned to meet as soon as Monday to name a replacement in Foley's district, which President Bush won with 55 percent in 2004 and is now in play for November. Though Florida ballots have already been printed with Foley's name and cannot be changed, any votes for Foley will count toward the party's choice.

Hastert said Friday he had asked Shimkus to investigate the page system. "We want to make sure that all our pages are safe and the page system is safe," Hastert said.

ABC News reported Friday that Foley also engaged in a series of sexually explicit instant messages with current and former pages, all male. In one message, ABC said, Foley wrote to one page, "Do I make you a little horny?"

In another message, Foley wrote, "You in your boxers, too? ... Well, strip down and get relaxed."

Foley, as chairman of the Missing and Exploited Children's Caucus, had introduced legislation in July to protect children from exploitation by adults over the Internet. He also sponsored other legislation designed to protect minors from abuse and neglect.

"We track library books better than we do sexual predators," Foley has said.

Foley, who represented an area around Palm Beach County, e-mailed the page in August 2005. Foley asked him how he was doing after Hurricane Katrina and what he wanted for his birthday. The congressman also asked the boy to send a photo of himself, according to excerpts of the e-mails that were originally released by ABC News.

The e-mails were posted Friday on the Web site of Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington after ABC News reported their existence.

Naomi Seligman, a spokeswoman for CREW, said the group also sent a letter to the FBI after it received the e-mails. CREW did not post their copies of the e-mail until ABC News reported them, instead waiting for the investigation.

"The House of Representatives has an obligation to protect the teenagers who come to Congress to learn about the legislative process," the group wrote.

According to the CREW posting, the boy e-mailed a colleague in Alexander's office about Foley's e-mails, saying, "This freaked me out." On the request for a photo, the boy repeated the word "sick" 13 times.

He said Foley asked for his e-mail when the boy gave him a thank-you card. The boy also said Foley wrote that he had e-mailed another page.

"he's such a nice guy," Foley wrote about the other boy. "acts much older than his age...and hes in really great shape...i am just finished riding my bike on a 25 mile journey now heading to the gym...whats school like for you this year?"

In other e-mails, Foley wrote: "I am back in Florida now...its nice here...been raining today...it sounds like you will have some fun over the next few weeks...how old are you now?" and "how are you weathering the hurricane...are you safe...send me an email pic of you as well."

GOP Rep. Mark Foley Resigns Over E-Mails

WASHINGTON - In a scandal guaranteed to anger parents, a prominent House Republican has resigned after the revelation that he exchanged raunchy electronic messages with a teenage boy, a former congressional page.

Rep. Mark Foley, R-Fla., who is single, apologized Friday for letting down his family and constituents. Once his resignation letter was read to the House late Friday afternoon, Republicans spent the night trying to explain - six weeks before congressional elections - how this could have happened on their watch.

Near midnight, they engineered a vote to let the House ethics committee decide whether an investigation is needed.

Among the Republican explanations during the night:

-The congressional sponsor of the page, Rep. Rodney Alexander, R-La., said he was asked by the youth's parents not to pursue the matter, so he dropped it.

-Alexander said that before deciding to end his involvement, he passed on what he knew to the chairman of the House Republican campaign organization, Rep. Thomas Reynolds, R-N.Y. Reynolds' spokesman, Carl Forti, said "We are not characterizing conversations that Congressman Reynolds may have had or may not have had with other members of Congress on that subject."

-Rep. John Shimkus, R-Ill., chairman of the Page Board that oversees the congressional work-study program for high schoolers, said he did investigate but Foley falsely assured him he was only mentoring the boy. Pages are high school students who attend classes under congressional supervision and work as messengers.

-The spokesman for Speaker Dennis Hastert, Ron Bonjean, said the top House Republican had not known about the allegations. Shimkus said he learned about them in late 2005.

Just as Shimkus' explanation was released, House Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi of California proposed to the House that its ethics committee investigate and make a preliminary report in 10 days. She demanded to know who knew of the messages, whether Foley had other contacts with pages and when the Republican leadership was notified of Foley's conduct.

Instead, majority Republicans engineered a vote to allow the ethics panel to decide whether there should even be an investigation.

Foley's departure sent Republicans scrambling for a replacement candidate.

Foley, 52, had been a shoo-in for a new term until the e-mail correspondence surfaced in recent days. The page was 16 at the time of the correspondence.

Foley's resignation further complicates the political landscape for Republicans, who are fighting to retain control of Congress. Democrats need to win a net of 15 Republican seats to regain the power they lost in 1994.

Florida Republicans planned to meet as soon as Monday to name a replacement in Foley's district, which President Bush won with 55 percent in 2004 and is now in play for November. Though Florida ballots have already been printed with Foley's name and cannot be changed, any votes for Foley will count toward the party's choice.

Hastert said Friday he had asked Shimkus to investigate the page system. "We want to make sure that all our pages are safe and the page system is safe," Hastert said.

ABC News reported Friday that Foley also engaged in a series of sexually explicit instant messages with current and former pages, all male. In one message, ABC said, Foley wrote to one page, "Do I make you a little horny?"

In another message, Foley wrote, "You in your boxers, too? ... Well, strip down and get relaxed."

Foley, as chairman of the Missing and Exploited Children's Caucus, had introduced legislation in July to protect children from exploitation by adults over the Internet. He also sponsored other legislation designed to protect minors from abuse and neglect.

"We track library books better than we do sexual predators," Foley has said.

Foley, who represented an area around Palm Beach County, e-mailed the page in August 2005. Foley asked him how he was doing after Hurricane Katrina and what he wanted for his birthday. The congressman also asked the boy to send a photo of himself, according to excerpts of the e-mails that were originally released by ABC News.

The e-mails were posted Friday on the Web site of Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington after ABC News reported their existence.

Naomi Seligman, a spokeswoman for CREW, said the group also sent a letter to the FBI after it received the e-mails. CREW did not post their copies of the e-mail until ABC News reported them, instead waiting for the investigation.

"The House of Representatives has an obligation to protect the teenagers who come to Congress to learn about the legislative process," the group wrote.

According to the CREW posting, the boy e-mailed a colleague in Alexander's office about Foley's e-mails, saying, "This freaked me out." On the request for a photo, the boy repeated the word "sick" 13 times.

He said Foley asked for his e-mail when the boy gave him a thank-you card. The boy also said Foley wrote that he had e-mailed another page.

"he's such a nice guy," Foley wrote about the other boy. "acts much older than his age...and hes in really great shape...i am just finished riding my bike on a 25 mile journey now heading to the gym...whats school like for you this year?"

In other e-mails, Foley wrote: "I am back in Florida now...its nice here...been raining today...it sounds like you will have some fun over the next few weeks...how old are you now?" and "how are you weathering the hurricane...are you safe...send me an email pic of you as well."

POLITICS: ARGENTINE REPORT CASTS DOUBT ON IRAN ROLE IN '94 BOMB.

Analysis by Gareth Porter*

WASHINGTON, Nov. 13, 2006 (IPS/GIN) -- Argentina was continuing to provide Iran with low-grade enriched uranium and the two countries were in serious negotiations on broader nuclear cooperation when a Jewish community center was bombed in 1994, according to legal documents in the case.

The findings are included in a report by Argentine prosecutors in support of the arrest warrants just issued for seven former Iranian officials for the 1994 terror bombing in Buenos Aires.

The new revelations on Argentine-Iranian relations in the Oct. 25 report by prosecutors Alberto Nisman and Marcello Marquez Burgos undermine the official argument that Iran's top leaders were motivated to order the bombing by Argentina's decision in 1992 to cut off its supply of nuclear materials to Iran. The new information underlines the fact that Rafsanjani and other Iranian officials still viewed Argentina as willing to cooperate with Iran on the sensitive subject of nuclear technology, despite U.S. pressures to end that cooperation.

The arrest warrants for former Iranian president Ali Akbar Rafsanjani and six other former top Iranian officials were issued only after the United States applied diplomatic pressure, according to a Nov. 3 report by Marc Perelman in the Jewish daily Forward. Perelman also reported that the George W. Bush administration intends to cite the indictment as part of its campaign to get Russia and China to support a Security Council resolution on sanctions against Iran.

The main theory about Iran's motive for ordering the bombing of the headquarters of the Jewish organization AMIA on July 18, 1994, which killed 85 people, is that Iran wanted to retaliate against Argentina for its decision to cut off exports of nuclear materials. That motive was asserted by former Iranian intelligence officer Abdolghassem Mesbahi in a 2002 deposition and repeated in a report by the Argentine intelligence service, SIDE, in September 2002.

A related theory advanced by the prosecutors is that Iran was angry at the government of Carlos Menem for realigning its foreign policy more closely with that of the United States, for example, by sending warships to the Persian Gulf during the U.S. war there in 1991.

But the prosecutor's report shows that Argentina never completely terminated its nuclear cooperation with Iran, and that the Iranian and Argentine nuclear organizations that had negotiated the original contracts were negotiating on restoration of full cooperation on all three agreements from early 1992 through 1994.

The report identifies three distinct agreements reached between Argentina and Iran in 1987-88: the first involved help in converting a nuclear reactor in Tehran so that it could use 20 percent enriched uranium (i.e., low-grade uranium which cannot be used for weapons production) and indicates that it included the shipment of the 20 percent enriched uranium to Iran. The second and third agreements were for technical assistance, including components, for the building of pilot plants for uranium dioxide conversion and fuel fabrication.

The indictment shows that the United States put strong pressure on the Menem government to terminate all nuclear cooperation with Iran. In December 1991, according to the detailed account in the report, the U.S. Embassy in Buenos Aires informed Argentina's Foreign Ministry that the United States could not accept the continuation of the contracts on nuclear cooperation with Iran. In January, Argentina announced the suspension of the shipments of nuclear materials to Iran.

But the report also documents the fact that Iran did not take the suspension as final or anticipate an end to the other contracts on nuclear technology. According to a Feb. 10, 2002, cable from the Argentina's ambassador in Iran, an Iranian Foreign Ministry official reaffirmed to him the "priority" that the Islamic Republic placed on nuclear technology transfer from Argentina and said the foreign policy positions taken by Argentina with which Tehran did not agree -- such as sending warships to the Persian Gulf -- "apparently did not alter the pragmatic attitude held by Argentina."

On Feb. 26, according to the account, the director of the American Department of Iran's Foreign Ministry "emphasized the need to reach a solution to the problem that would avoid damage to other contracts." Thus Iran was signaling its hope of finding a negotiated solution that could end the suspension and maintain the other contracts with Argentina as well.

Less than three weeks after that Iranian bid for negotiations, on Mar. 17, 2002, a bomb blast destroyed the Israeli Embassy in Buenos Aires, killing 26 people. Argentina, the United States and Israel have long maintained that Iran was responsible for both that bombing and the 1994 bombing of the AMIA headquarters in July 2004.

But it seems unlikely that Iranian leaders would have ordered or knowingly supported any terror bombing in Buenos Aires just when they were concerned with nailing down an agreement to protect Iran's important interests in relations with Argentina.

The report goes on to present new information that also appears to rule out an Iranian role in the 1994 AMIA bombing. It confirms that Menem canceled the second and third nuclear technology contracts with Iran but not the first contract involving the low-enriched uranium.

The prosecutors' report further reveals that after the Menem decision, Iran and Argentina entered into serious negotiations aimed at restoring full nuclear cooperation. The general manager of INVAP, the Argentine firm which dominated the National Commission on Atomic Energy, testified to investigators that during 1992, there were "contacts" between INVAP and the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran (AEOI) "in the expectation that the decision of the national government would be revised, allowing the tasks in the contracts to be resumed."

The report does not indicate what results the talks produced. But an article in the Christian Science Monitor on Feb. 18, 1993, quoted an Iranian official saying that Iran was still purchasing low-grade uranium from Argentina and said the International Atomic Energy Agency had confirmed that a shipment of low-enriched uranium would arrive in Iran within a year.

From 1993 to 1995, according to the same INVAP official, the negotiations with the AEOI continued, aimed at "reaching a definitive solution" to the issues surrounding the two cancelled projects. It was not until 1996, according to the report, that Iran communicated its intention of taking legal action against Argentina over the cancellation of the two nuclear technology contracts.

The new evidence on nuclear technology relations between Iran and Argentina is a serious blow to the credibility of the central assertion in the indictment that Rafsanjani and other former Iranian officials decided at a meeting on Aug. 14, 1993, to plan the bombing of AMIA. That assertion was based entirely on the testimony of Iranian defector Abdolghassem Mesbahi, who was evidently unaware of the continued uranium exports and continuing negotiations revealed in the prosecutors' report.

Mesbahi's credibility on Iran's alleged role in the bombings was also damaged by his spectacular allegation that President Menem had received a $10 million payoff from Iran to divert the investigation away from Iranian involvement -- an allegation the defector later withdrew.

To square these diplomatic revelations with the charges against Iran, the prosecutors quote what they call a "hypothesis" advanced by SIDE that Iran uses "violence" in order induce "victim countries" to agree to "negotiations convenient to Iran's interests." But they offer no further evidence to support that theory.

The investigation of the 1994 bombing by the Argentine judiciary, which has no political independence from the executive branch, has had little credibility with the public, because of a bribe by the lead judge to a key witness and a pattern of deceptive accounts based on false testimony.

*Gareth Porter is an historian and national security policy analyst. His latest book, "Perils of Dominance: Imbalance of Power and the Road to War in Vietnam," was published in June 2005.

POLITICS: ARGENTINE REPORT CASTS DOUBT ON IRAN ROLE IN '94 BOMB.

Analysis by Gareth Porter*

WASHINGTON, Nov. 13, 2006 (IPS/GIN) -- Argentina was continuing to provide Iran with low-grade enriched uranium and the two countries were in serious negotiations on broader nuclear cooperation when a Jewish community center was bombed in 1994, according to legal documents in the case.

The findings are included in a report by Argentine prosecutors in support of the arrest warrants just issued for seven former Iranian officials for the 1994 terror bombing in Buenos Aires.

The new revelations on Argentine-Iranian relations in the Oct. 25 report by prosecutors Alberto Nisman and Marcello Marquez Burgos undermine the official argument that Iran's top leaders were motivated to order the bombing by Argentina's decision in 1992 to cut off its supply of nuclear materials to Iran. The new information underlines the fact that Rafsanjani and other Iranian officials still viewed Argentina as willing to cooperate with Iran on the sensitive subject of nuclear technology, despite U.S. pressures to end that cooperation.

The arrest warrants for former Iranian president Ali Akbar Rafsanjani and six other former top Iranian officials were issued only after the United States applied diplomatic pressure, according to a Nov. 3 report by Marc Perelman in the Jewish daily Forward. Perelman also reported that the George W. Bush administration intends to cite the indictment as part of its campaign to get Russia and China to support a Security Council resolution on sanctions against Iran.

The main theory about Iran's motive for ordering the bombing of the headquarters of the Jewish organization AMIA on July 18, 1994, which killed 85 people, is that Iran wanted to retaliate against Argentina for its decision to cut off exports of nuclear materials. That motive was asserted by former Iranian intelligence officer Abdolghassem Mesbahi in a 2002 deposition and repeated in a report by the Argentine intelligence service, SIDE, in September 2002.

A related theory advanced by the prosecutors is that Iran was angry at the government of Carlos Menem for realigning its foreign policy more closely with that of the United States, for example, by sending warships to the Persian Gulf during the U.S. war there in 1991.

But the prosecutor's report shows that Argentina never completely terminated its nuclear cooperation with Iran, and that the Iranian and Argentine nuclear organizations that had negotiated the original contracts were negotiating on restoration of full cooperation on all three agreements from early 1992 through 1994.

The report identifies three distinct agreements reached between Argentina and Iran in 1987-88: the first involved help in converting a nuclear reactor in Tehran so that it could use 20 percent enriched uranium (i.e., low-grade uranium which cannot be used for weapons production) and indicates that it included the shipment of the 20 percent enriched uranium to Iran. The second and third agreements were for technical assistance, including components, for the building of pilot plants for uranium dioxide conversion and fuel fabrication.

The indictment shows that the United States put strong pressure on the Menem government to terminate all nuclear cooperation with Iran. In December 1991, according to the detailed account in the report, the U.S. Embassy in Buenos Aires informed Argentina's Foreign Ministry that the United States could not accept the continuation of the contracts on nuclear cooperation with Iran. In January, Argentina announced the suspension of the shipments of nuclear materials to Iran.

But the report also documents the fact that Iran did not take the suspension as final or anticipate an end to the other contracts on nuclear technology. According to a Feb. 10, 2002, cable from the Argentina's ambassador in Iran, an Iranian Foreign Ministry official reaffirmed to him the "priority" that the Islamic Republic placed on nuclear technology transfer from Argentina and said the foreign policy positions taken by Argentina with which Tehran did not agree -- such as sending warships to the Persian Gulf -- "apparently did not alter the pragmatic attitude held by Argentina."

On Feb. 26, according to the account, the director of the American Department of Iran's Foreign Ministry "emphasized the need to reach a solution to the problem that would avoid damage to other contracts." Thus Iran was signaling its hope of finding a negotiated solution that could end the suspension and maintain the other contracts with Argentina as well.

Less than three weeks after that Iranian bid for negotiations, on Mar. 17, 2002, a bomb blast destroyed the Israeli Embassy in Buenos Aires, killing 26 people. Argentina, the United States and Israel have long maintained that Iran was responsible for both that bombing and the 1994 bombing of the AMIA headquarters in July 2004.

But it seems unlikely that Iranian leaders would have ordered or knowingly supported any terror bombing in Buenos Aires just when they were concerned with nailing down an agreement to protect Iran's important interests in relations with Argentina.

The report goes on to present new information that also appears to rule out an Iranian role in the 1994 AMIA bombing. It confirms that Menem canceled the second and third nuclear technology contracts with Iran but not the first contract involving the low-enriched uranium.

The prosecutors' report further reveals that after the Menem decision, Iran and Argentina entered into serious negotiations aimed at restoring full nuclear cooperation. The general manager of INVAP, the Argentine firm which dominated the National Commission on Atomic Energy, testified to investigators that during 1992, there were "contacts" between INVAP and the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran (AEOI) "in the expectation that the decision of the national government would be revised, allowing the tasks in the contracts to be resumed."

The report does not indicate what results the talks produced. But an article in the Christian Science Monitor on Feb. 18, 1993, quoted an Iranian official saying that Iran was still purchasing low-grade uranium from Argentina and said the International Atomic Energy Agency had confirmed that a shipment of low-enriched uranium would arrive in Iran within a year.

From 1993 to 1995, according to the same INVAP official, the negotiations with the AEOI continued, aimed at "reaching a definitive solution" to the issues surrounding the two cancelled projects. It was not until 1996, according to the report, that Iran communicated its intention of taking legal action against Argentina over the cancellation of the two nuclear technology contracts.

The new evidence on nuclear technology relations between Iran and Argentina is a serious blow to the credibility of the central assertion in the indictment that Rafsanjani and other former Iranian officials decided at a meeting on Aug. 14, 1993, to plan the bombing of AMIA. That assertion was based entirely on the testimony of Iranian defector Abdolghassem Mesbahi, who was evidently unaware of the continued uranium exports and continuing negotiations revealed in the prosecutors' report.

Mesbahi's credibility on Iran's alleged role in the bombings was also damaged by his spectacular allegation that President Menem had received a $10 million payoff from Iran to divert the investigation away from Iranian involvement -- an allegation the defector later withdrew.

To square these diplomatic revelations with the charges against Iran, the prosecutors quote what they call a "hypothesis" advanced by SIDE that Iran uses "violence" in order induce "victim countries" to agree to "negotiations convenient to Iran's interests." But they offer no further evidence to support that theory.

The investigation of the 1994 bombing by the Argentine judiciary, which has no political independence from the executive branch, has had little credibility with the public, because of a bribe by the lead judge to a key witness and a pattern of deceptive accounts based on false testimony.

*Gareth Porter is an historian and national security policy analyst. His latest book, "Perils of Dominance: Imbalance of Power and the Road to War in Vietnam," was published in June 2005.